Basic structure of diesel generator

March 10, 2023

The basic structure of diesel generator is composed of diesel engine and generator. The diesel engine drives the generator to generate electricity.

The basic structure of diesel engine is composed of cylinder, piston, cylinder head, intake valve, exhaust valve, piston pin, connecting rod, crankshaft, bearing, flywheel and other components. The diesel engine of a diesel generator is generally a single-cylinder or multi-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. Now I will just talk about the basic working principle of a single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. The starting of a diesel engine is to turn the crankshaft of the diesel engine by human power or other power to make the piston move up and down in the top closed cylinder. The piston completes four strokes in motion: intake stroke, compression stroke, combustion and work (expansion) stroke and exhaust stroke. When the piston moves from top to bottom, the intake valve opens, and fresh air filtered by the air filter enters the cylinder to complete the intake stroke. The piston moves from bottom to top, the intake and exhaust valves are closed, the air is compressed, the temperature and pressure increase, and the compression process is completed. When the piston is about to reach the top, the fuel injector sprays the filtered fuel into the combustion chamber in a mist and mixes it with high temperature and high pressure air to immediately ignite and burn. The resulting high pressure pushes the piston downward to work, pushes the crankshaft to rotate, and completes the work stroke. After the work stroke is completed, the piston moves from bottom to top, and the exhaust valve opens to exhaust, completing the exhaust stroke. The crankshaft rotates half a turn per stroke. After several working cycles, the diesel engine gradually accelerates to work under the inertia of the flywheel.

When the crankshaft of the diesel engine rotates, it drives the generator to rotate and generate electricity. The generator has DC generator and AC generator.
Diesel Generator Series

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